Computer Organization

 COMPUTER ORGANIZATION

hello students ,

in this blog we will undersatnd about the computer organization  yes , as the name suggest organization, means organized computer so we access  properly information trough well organised computer hardware and sofatware 

                        there is one more term is computer architucture but you should not be confused between organization and architucture  because arcticture is a internel fuctioning of computer how it works .

now organistion is a hard and soft part physically organised  like all input output part of the computer 

                                                                                fig-1

1. Input Unit

• Step1 :  Function of the input unit to take data from the input unit 

• Examples: Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner.

2. Central Processing Unit (CPU)

The cpu satnds for centarl processing unit it has mainly three parts 

1. control unit 

2. arithmatic logic unit 

3. memory unit

a. Control Unit (CU)

• Function: Directs the flow of data and instructions within the computer.

• Role: Interprets instructions from programs and tells other components what to do.

b. Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)

• Function: Performs arithmetic operations (like addition, subtraction) and logical operations (like comparison).

3. Memory Unit

• Function: Stores data and instructions temporarily or permanently.

• Types:

  • RAM (Random Access Memory): Temporary memory used during execution.

  • ROM (Read-Only Memory): permanent memory stads for read only memory which keeps essential information about  boot the computer 

4. Output Unit

• Function: Displays or outputs the processed data to the user.

• Examples: Monitor, Printer, Speaker.

5. Storage Unit (Optional but important)

• Function: Stores data and programs for long-term use. it is also called permanaet5 or secondary unit

• Examples: Hard Drive, SSD, USB Drives.